This book has been several years in the making. For the author, a textbook, or rather a book that may be used as a textbook or an item on the reading list for a university course, is never finished. The author would like to rewrite it eve ry time that she or he (the latter is the present case) opens up the manuscript. This urge to enrich and polish the text is not unreasonable: things change so fast in the world of economy, finance, and politics that what appears on the pages of a given volume may have been true at the time of writing but things might have changed by the time you accessed your own text.
Copyright © 2026 Toshkent davlat iqtisodiyot universiteti Samarqand filiali rasmiy sayti. Barcha huquqlar himoyalangan.